ÂŞIK PASHA’S UNDERSTANDING OF GOD, UNIVERSE AND HUMAN ÂŞIK PAŞA’NIN ALLAH, ÂLEM VE İNSAN ANLAYIŞI

Âşık Pasha explained his thoughts on sufism in his book Garib-nâme written in Turkish on the axis of the unity of God (tawhid). Âşık Pasha expressed his opinions on many subjects related to Sufism, especially God, the universe and human being. Emphasizing the importance of a correct vision of God, Âşık Pasha states that human mind becomes amazed when it realizes its helplessness before the greatness of God’s art. According to Âşık Pasha, the universe that was created as a result of Allah's love and within a certain order, rotates in an effort to reach God. The human beings whom Allah praises them in the Qur'an are the replicas of the universe. All features of the entities in this universe can be seen as hidden in them. For this reason, Âşık Pasha, like many Sufis, considers human being as a small universe (the microcosm). Since the human being is the essence of the universe, he looks like a great book whose contents were written in the hearts. Thus, he can reach God only by taking mystic education. However, in this process, a great struggle takes place between the spirit as the symbol of goodness and the soul as the symbol of evil. In this struggle, whichever seizes the heart, it dominates the human being. As every city or state has an administrator, the human organs also need a manager. According to Âşık Pasha, the ruler of the body city is the mind. Along with burdening the mind with responsibility, Allah has also given His mercy and made all creatures need it. In this study, Âşık Pasha's views on God, the universe and man will be revealed with a Garib-nâme focus. While doing this, his thoughts on the soul, spirit, heart and mind, which constitute the psychological aspect of man, will also be mentioned.
Keywords: Sufism, Âşık Paşa, God, Universe, Human, Heart, Mind.